diff --git a/src/backend/core/tests/test_external_api_token.py b/src/backend/core/tests/test_external_api_token.py
index e37ca179..450dec9d 100644
--- a/src/backend/core/tests/test_external_api_token.py
+++ b/src/backend/core/tests/test_external_api_token.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from core.factories import (
     ApplicationFactory,
     UserFactory,
 )
-from core.models import ApplicationScope
+from core.models import ApplicationScope, User
 
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.django_db
 
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ def test_api_applications_token_payload_structure(settings):
     """Generated token should have correct payload structure."""
     settings.APPLICATION_JWT_SECRET_KEY = "devKey"
     user = UserFactory(email="user@example.com")
+
     application = ApplicationFactory(
         active=True,
         scopes=[ApplicationScope.ROOMS_LIST, ApplicationScope.ROOMS_CREATE],
@@ -273,3 +274,119 @@ def test_api_applications_token_payload_structure(settings):
         "delegated": True,
         "scope": "rooms:list rooms:create",
     }
+
+
+@freeze_time("2023-01-15 12:00:00")
+def test_api_applications_token_new_user(settings):
+    """Should create a new pending user when creation is allowed and user doesn't exist."""
+
+    settings.APPLICATION_JWT_SECRET_KEY = "devKey"
+    settings.APPLICATION_ALLOW_USER_CREATION = True
+    settings.OIDC_FALLBACK_TO_EMAIL_FOR_IDENTIFICATION = True
+    settings.OIDC_USER_SUB_FIELD_IMMUTABLE = False
+
+    assert len(User.objects.all()) == 0
+
+    application = ApplicationFactory(
+        active=True,
+        scopes=[ApplicationScope.ROOMS_LIST, ApplicationScope.ROOMS_CREATE],
+    )
+
+    plain_secret = "test-secret-123"
+    application.client_secret = plain_secret
+    application.save()
+
+    client = APIClient()
+    response = client.post(
+        "/external-api/v1.0/application/token/",
+        {
+            "client_id": application.client_id,
+            "client_secret": plain_secret,
+            "grant_type": "client_credentials",
+            "scope": "unknown@world.com",
+        },
+        format="json",
+    )
+
+    # Decode token to verify payload
+    token = response.data["access_token"]
+    payload = jwt.decode(
+        token,
+        settings.APPLICATION_JWT_SECRET_KEY,
+        algorithms=[settings.APPLICATION_JWT_ALG],
+        issuer=settings.APPLICATION_JWT_ISSUER,
+        audience=settings.APPLICATION_JWT_AUDIENCE,
+    )
+
+    user = User.objects.get(email="unknown@world.com")
+    assert user.sub is None
+
+    assert payload == {
+        "iss": settings.APPLICATION_JWT_ISSUER,
+        "aud": settings.APPLICATION_JWT_AUDIENCE,
+        "client_id": application.client_id,
+        "exp": 1673787600,
+        "iat": 1673784000,
+        "user_id": str(user.id),
+        "delegated": True,
+        "scope": "rooms:list rooms:create",
+    }
+
+
+@freeze_time("2023-01-15 12:00:00")
+def test_api_applications_token_existing_user(settings):
+    """Application should not create a new user when user exist."""
+
+    settings.APPLICATION_JWT_SECRET_KEY = "devKey"
+    user = UserFactory(email="user@example.com")
+
+    settings.APPLICATION_ALLOW_USER_CREATION = True
+    settings.OIDC_FALLBACK_TO_EMAIL_FOR_IDENTIFICATION = True
+    settings.OIDC_USER_SUB_FIELD_IMMUTABLE = False
+
+    assert len(User.objects.all()) == 1
+
+    application = ApplicationFactory(
+        active=True,
+        scopes=[ApplicationScope.ROOMS_LIST, ApplicationScope.ROOMS_CREATE],
+    )
+
+    plain_secret = "test-secret-123"
+    application.client_secret = plain_secret
+    application.save()
+
+    client = APIClient()
+    response = client.post(
+        "/external-api/v1.0/application/token/",
+        {
+            "client_id": application.client_id,
+            "client_secret": plain_secret,
+            "grant_type": "client_credentials",
+            "scope": user.email,
+        },
+        format="json",
+    )
+
+    # Assert no new user was created
+    assert len(User.objects.all()) == 1
+
+    # Decode token to verify payload
+    token = response.data["access_token"]
+    payload = jwt.decode(
+        token,
+        settings.APPLICATION_JWT_SECRET_KEY,
+        algorithms=[settings.APPLICATION_JWT_ALG],
+        issuer=settings.APPLICATION_JWT_ISSUER,
+        audience=settings.APPLICATION_JWT_AUDIENCE,
+    )
+
+    assert payload == {
+        "iss": settings.APPLICATION_JWT_ISSUER,
+        "aud": settings.APPLICATION_JWT_AUDIENCE,
+        "client_id": application.client_id,
+        "exp": 1673787600,
+        "iat": 1673784000,
+        "user_id": str(user.id),
+        "delegated": True,
+        "scope": "rooms:list rooms:create",
+    }